This web page was produced as an assignment for Genetics 564, an undergraduate capstone course at UW-Madison.
What is homology?
Homology is similarity between two organisms based on decent from a common ancestor[1]. Homology can be found by studying the structure, function, or evolutionary history of related organisms. Homology can exist even when two structures or genes have different functions, suggesting that over time the two organisms diverged from a common ancestor in which the structure or gene did have the same function. In genetics, homology refers to when two sequences share similarities that are statistically significant, indicating common ancestry [2]. To determine homology, two sequences are compared to detect excess similarity.
Two genes or proteins are considered homologs if they share common ancestor. There are two main subtypes of homologs: paralogs and orthologs. Paralogs arise through duplication events, while orthologs arise through speciation.
Two genes or proteins are considered homologs if they share common ancestor. There are two main subtypes of homologs: paralogs and orthologs. Paralogs arise through duplication events, while orthologs arise through speciation.
Lactase (LCT) Homologs
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly)
Protien: uncharacterized protein Accession Number: NP_648918.1 Length: 541 AA |
Conclusions
The LCT protein has homologs in many different organisms. For the study of CLD, this project will be using mouse. Mouse has a very similar homolog, with conserved protein function. Additionally, the disease phenotype (diarrhea) is easily observed.
fasta.txt | |
File Size: | 12 kb |
File Type: | txt |
References
[1] Britannica. (1998, July). Homology-Evolution. Britannica Encylopedia. Retrieved from www.britannica.com/science/homology-evolution
[2] Pearson, W. (2014, June). An Introduction to Sequence Similarity ("Homology") Searching. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3820096/
Header Image: https://requestreduce.org/categories/branch-cross-clipart.html#overlayGallery9_post_10672_apple-blossoms-clipart-horizontal-5.png
[1] Britannica. (1998, July). Homology-Evolution. Britannica Encylopedia. Retrieved from www.britannica.com/science/homology-evolution
[2] Pearson, W. (2014, June). An Introduction to Sequence Similarity ("Homology") Searching. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3820096/
Header Image: https://requestreduce.org/categories/branch-cross-clipart.html#overlayGallery9_post_10672_apple-blossoms-clipart-horizontal-5.png